In grammar, contractions are words made by shortening or combining two or more words. (It’s also known as long form: I am, and short form: I’m.) The most common use of contractions in combination with pronouns are when using be, will, would, have, and had. Contractions are most commonly used in speaking, and informal writing. However, keep in mind that when writing academically (for example essays for university), it’s often frowned upon to use contractions. Commonly used affirmative and negative contractions for pronouns:
am – ’m
I am – I’m
am not – ‘m not
I am not – I’m not
is – ‘s
He / she / it is – he’s / she’s / it’s
Is not – isn’t
He / she / it is not – He / she / it isn’t
Are – ‘re
You / we / they are – You’re / we’re / they’re
Are not – aren’t
You / we / they are not – you / we / they aren’t
Have – ’ve
I / you / we / they have – I’ve / you’ve /we’ve / they’ve
Have not– haven’t
I / you / we / they have not – I / you / we / they haven’t
Has – ‘s
He / she / it has – he’s/ she’s/ it’s
Has not – hasn’t
He/ she/ it has not – he/ she / it hasn’t
would – ’d
I/ you / we / they would – I’d / you’d / we’d
He/ she/ It would – He’d / She’d / it’d
would not – wouldn’t
I/ you / we / they would not – I wouldn’t / you wouldn’t / we wouldn’t
He/ she/ It would not – He wouldn’t / She wouldn’t / it wouldn’t
had – I’d
I/ you / we / they had – I’d / you’d / we’d
He/ she/ It had – He’d / She’d / it’d
had not – I hadn’t
I/ you / we / they had not – I hadn’t / you hadn’t / we hadn’t
He/ she/ It had not – He hadn’t / She hadn’t / it hadn’t
